9月29日(ri)，國家發展改革委經濟運行調節局負責(ze)同志就(jiu)今冬(dong)明春(chun)能源保供工作答(da)記(ji)者問(wen)。

 

一、近日一些地方拉閘限電，引發社會對冬季(ji)(ji)能(neng)源保供的擔心，發展改(gai)革委(wei)準備采取哪些措施保障冬季(ji)(ji)能(neng)源供應(ying)？

　　答(da)：黨中央、國(guo)務院(yuan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度重視供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖季(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)工作(zuo)，作(zuo)出了系統(tong)部署和(he)安排(pai)。針對近(jin)期能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)偏(pian)緊的情況，國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展改革委(wei)正會(hui)同有關(guan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)堅(jian)持(chi)以人民為(wei)中心，堅(jian)持(chi)系統(tong)觀念，堅(jian)持(chi)問題導向(xiang)，堅(jian)持(chi)底(di)線思維，多措(cuo)并舉加(jia)強供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)調節，重點從(cong)六個(ge)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)采取措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，確保(bao)今冬明(ming)春能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)穩(wen)定供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)，確保(bao)居民用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安全。一(yi)是(shi)多渠道(dao)增(zeng)加(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。依法依規釋放煤(mei)(mei)炭先進(jin)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，有序增(zeng)加(jia)煤(mei)(mei)炭進(jin)口，盡力增(zeng)加(jia)國(guo)內(nei)天然(ran)氣(qi)產(chan)量，保(bao)持(chi)中亞管道(dao)氣(qi)進(jin)口穩(wen)定，壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)責任保(bao)障煤(mei)(mei)電氣(qi)電機(ji)組應(ying)(ying)發(fa)(fa)盡發(fa)(fa)。二是(shi)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)好(hao)中長期合(he)(he)同“壓(ya)艙石”作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。推(tui)動發(fa)(fa)電供(gong)(gong)(gong)熱用(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)中長期合(he)(he)同直保(bao)全覆蓋，全面(mian)簽訂年(nian)度和(he)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖季(ji)供(gong)(gong)(gong)氣(qi)合(he)(he)同，及(ji)早鎖(suo)定資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。三是(shi)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)做好(hao)有序用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工作(zuo)。指導地方(fang)(fang)科學合(he)(he)理制定有序用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方(fang)(fang)案，完善(shan)動態調整機(ji)制，切實(shi)(shi)做到用(yong)(yong)戶知(zhi)情、合(he)(he)同約定，確保(bao)方(fang)(fang)案可執行(xing)、可操作(zuo)，科學實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)。堅(jian)守民生用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)底(di)線，堅(jian)決(jue)避免壓(ya)限(xian)居民用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的情況發(fa)(fa)生。四是(shi)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)好(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)儲備和(he)應(ying)(ying)急保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力的重要作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。督促電廠在(zai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖季(ji)前將存(cun)煤(mei)(mei)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到安全水平(ping)之上，加(jia)快推(tui)進(jin)應(ying)(ying)急備用(yong)(yong)和(he)調峰(feng)電源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力建設，嚴格(ge)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)儲氣(qi)設施(shi)(shi)注(zhu)氣(qi)進(jin)度，確保(bao)入(ru)冬前注(zhu)滿。五是(shi)合(he)(he)理疏導用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成(cheng)本(ben)。在(zai)確保(bao)民生、農(nong)業、公益性(xing)領(ling)域(yu)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)價格(ge)穩(wen)定的情況下，嚴格(ge)按(an)價格(ge)政策合(he)(he)理疏導能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)企(qi)業生產(chan)運(yun)行(xing)成(cheng)本(ben)。六是(shi)有效控制不合(he)(he)理能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)。堅(jian)決(jue)遏制“兩高(gao)(gao)(gao)”項目不合(he)(he)理用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，推(tui)動主(zhu)要耗煤(mei)(mei)行(xing)業節煤(mei)(mei)限(xian)煤(mei)(mei)。

　　近年來，我(wo)(wo)們貫徹落實黨(dang)中央、國務院決策部署，持之以恒推(tui)進(jin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產供儲銷體系建(jian)設，能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供應保障能力穩步提高。今冬明春(chun)我(wo)(wo)國能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供應是有(you)(you)保障的，我(wo)(wo)們有(you)(you)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、有(you)(you)條件、有(you)(you)能力保障人民群(qun)眾(zhong)溫暖(nuan)過冬。

　　二、東(dong)北地區是冬季能源(yuan)保(bao)供(gong)的重(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)之(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)，社會關注(zhu)度高(gao)，請問(wen)將采取哪些針對性保(bao)供(gong)措(cuo)施？

　　答：東北(bei)地區天(tian)氣嚴寒，采暖(nuan)季長(chang)，居民對采暖(nuan)要求(qiu)高(gao)，社會(hui)關注(zhu)度高(gao)，做好東北(bei)地區冬(dong)季能源保供工(gong)作責任重(zhong)大、極為關鍵。國家發展(zhan)改革委將會(hui)同相關部門加(jia)大協調力(li)度，向東北(bei)地區傾斜資(zi)源，全力(li)保障東北(bei)能源運(yun)行平穩。

　　一(yi)是增(zeng)加(jia)東北地區發(fa)電(dian)有效出(chu)力(li)。組(zu)織中(zhong)央發(fa)電(dian)企業結合(he)采暖期供(gong)暖安排(pai)(pai)，合(he)理安排(pai)(pai)機組(zu)檢修(xiu)，在確(que)保安全的(de)前(qian)提下，提高煤電(dian)機組(zu)開(kai)機水平，切實提升(sheng)電(dian)力(li)供(gong)應能(neng)力(li)。優化電(dian)力(li)運行方(fang)式，加(jia)強東北地區各省份統籌互濟，合(he)理調整東北地區外送電(dian)。

　　二是確保(bao)東北地區(qu)(qu)發電取暖用煤(mei)足(zu)額供(gong)應(ying)。在已(yi)簽(qian)訂年度(du)煤(mei)炭中長期合同基礎上，又組(zu)織產運需企(qi)業集中補(bu)簽(qian)了一批中長期合同，實現東北三省(sheng)發電供(gong)熱(re)用煤(mei)中長期合同全覆蓋(gai)，采暖季發電供(gong)熱(re)用煤(mei)資源已(yi)得到(dao)落實。同時，在晉陜蒙地區(qu)(qu)選(xuan)取一批條件好的(de)煤(mei)礦(kuang)列為冬季重點(dian)應(ying)急保(bao)供(gong)煤(mei)礦(kuang)，在用煤(mei)高峰期階段性釋放產能，重點(dian)保(bao)障東北地區(qu)(qu)。引(yin)導發電供(gong)熱(re)企(qi)業加(jia)大進(jin)(jin)口煤(mei)炭采購力(li)度(du)，提前鎖(suo)定資源和價格，做到(dao)應(ying)進(jin)(jin)盡進(jin)(jin)早進(jin)(jin)。

　　三是提升東北地區(qu)有(you)序用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)管理水平。指導東北地區(qu)在當前有(you)序用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方案基礎(chu)上進一步完善(shan)，確(que)保(bao)居民、農業等(deng)民生領域(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不受影響。建(jian)立各級政(zheng)府(fu)主管部門、電(dian)(dian)(dian)網企(qi)業聯合工(gong)作(zuo)機制，在執行有(you)序用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中嚴(yan)格做(zuo)到提前告知用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶，鼓勵和引(yin)導用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶主動錯(cuo)峰用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，堅(jian)決做(zuo)到“限電(dian)(dian)(dian)不拉閘”“限電(dian)(dian)(dian)不限民用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”，確(que)保(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力運行平穩。

　　三(san)、在今(jin)年迎峰度冬(dong)能(neng)源保供工作中，如何保障民生(sheng)用能(neng)需要，確保群眾(zhong)安全溫暖過冬(dong)？

　　答：習近平總書記時(shi)刻(ke)關心(xin)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)冷暖，多次對保障(zhang)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)能需要、確(que)保群眾安全溫暖過(guo)冬作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)重要指(zhi)示批示。李(li)克強總理等領導同志先后就(jiu)做好(hao)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)能保障(zhang)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)重要批示和工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)部署。國家(jia)發(fa)展改革(ge)委會同各地、有(you)關部門(men)和企業，堅持以人民(min)為中心(xin)的(de)發(fa)展思想，始(shi)終把確(que)保民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)能作(zuo)(zuo)為保供工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)重中之重。

　　一是(shi)民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)將在資源上(shang)做到充分保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)占我們整個供應的比(bi)重不高，居民(min)(min)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)占全(quan)(quan)(quan)部用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)的不到20%，民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)占全(quan)(quan)(quan)部用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)不到50%，有能(neng)力、有條(tiao)件(jian)給予全(quan)(quan)(quan)額保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。為(wei)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)供應，很重要的一項措施就是(shi)對民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)實行合(he)同全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋。為(wei)此，已(yi)組織(zhi)煤炭企業與發(fa)電(dian)企業簽(qian)訂(ding)電(dian)煤中長協(xie)，實現對發(fa)電(dian)供熱用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)煤全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋。同時，組織(zhi)供氣(qi)企業和地方全(quan)(quan)(quan)面簽(qian)訂(ding)供氣(qi)合(he)同，對民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)合(he)同全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋。要求各地將燃氣(qi)公交車(che)、出租車(che)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部納入民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)范圍予以保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。

　　二(er)是民生用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)嚴格(ge)按(an)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)政(zheng)策(ce)保持穩(wen)定。我國(guo)(guo)對民生用(yong)(yong)(yong)電用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)都有明確的價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)政(zheng)策(ce)。對居(ju)(ju)民生活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電實(shi)行政(zheng)府定價(jia)(jia)(jia)。對居(ju)(ju)民生活(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)實(shi)行基(ji)(ji)準門站價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)加合(he)理浮(fu)動機(ji)制管理。在(zai)當前國(guo)(guo)際能(neng)源價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)大漲的情況(kuang)下，相關各方(fang)很好地貫徹執(zhi)行了(le)這些政(zheng)策(ce)要求。民生用(yong)(yong)(yong)電用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)將嚴格(ge)按(an)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)政(zheng)策(ce)保持基(ji)(ji)本穩(wen)定。

　　三是切實完善民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)用能(neng)(neng)保障的(de)(de)責任機制(zhi)和技術(shu)條件。近年(nian)來，隨著人民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水(shui)平不(bu)斷(duan)提(ti)高，冬季高峰期(qi)取暖用電用氣需求(qiu)不(bu)斷(duan)攀(pan)升，加大了調(diao)峰保供(gong)的(de)(de)難度。部(bu)分(fen)時段必須(xu)堅持民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優先，統籌協調(diao)好保障民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)用能(neng)(neng)和部(bu)分(fen)工商業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產用能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)關(guan)系。為此，我們組(zu)織各地和煤炭、電力、天(tian)然氣供(gong)應企業建立了可中斷(duan)調(diao)峰用戶清單，制(zhi)定了壓減預案，必要(yao)時科(ke)學有序實施“壓非保民(min)(min)”，既要(yao)兜住民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)用能(neng)(neng)底線，也(ye)要(yao)把對經濟社會(hui)發展的(de)(de)影響降到最低。

　　保障(zhang)民(min)生用能需(xu)要是各(ge)級(ji)人民(min)政府和相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)企(qi)業(ye)共同的(de)責任。地(di)方(fang)須落(luo)實好保障(zhang)民(min)生用能的(de)主體責任，供能企(qi)業(ye)須落(luo)實好民(min)生用能的(de)供應(ying)保障(zhang)責任。只要相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)各(ge)方(fang)切實履行(xing)好責任，共同把各(ge)項保供措施落(luo)實到(dao)位，完全能夠保障(zhang)好民(min)生用能需(xu)要，確保群眾安全溫暖過(guo)冬。

　　四、請問(wen)迎峰度冬期間電(dian)力(li)供需形勢如何？下一步將采(cai)取哪(na)些(xie)措施保障迎峰度冬期間電(dian)力(li)供應(ying)？

　　答：今(jin)(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬季，受經濟穩(wen)定(ding)增長、取暖用電(dian)(dian)快速(su)增加等因素影(ying)響(xiang)，預(yu)計全(quan)(quan)國(guo)最(zui)高用電(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷將(jiang)逐步攀(pan)升，有可(ke)能(neng)超過(guo)今(jin)(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏季和去年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬季峰(feng)值。國(guo)家發(fa)展(zhan)改革委將(jiang)會(hui)同有關方面(mian)全(quan)(quan)力(li)增加電(dian)(dian)力(li)供應保(bao)障(zhang)能(neng)力(li)，加強運行協(xie)調調度，確(que)保(bao)電(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)靠供應。今(jin)(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬季全(quan)(quan)國(guo)總裝機將(jiang)達到(dao)24億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)左右(you)，同比(bi)增加約2億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，有效頂(ding)峰(feng)負(fu)荷將(jiang)再提高6000萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)以上，頂(ding)峰(feng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力(li)可(ke)以超過(guo)12億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)以上，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)最(zui)大發(fa)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力(li)能(neng)夠保(bao)障(zhang)最(zui)高用電(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷需求，我們有信心(xin)有能(neng)力(li)做好冬季電(dian)(dian)力(li)保(bao)供。

　　一是做(zuo)(zuo)好發(fa)電用(yong)(yong)煤用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)保(bao)障。加強供(gong)(gong)(gong)需形勢研判(pan)，壓實地方(fang)和(he)企業保(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)責任，提前制(zhi)定(ding)冬季電力(li)用(yong)(yong)煤用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)保(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案，落實好資源和(he)運力(li)，做(zuo)(zuo)好入(ru)冬前煤炭、天然氣(qi)儲備，保(bao)障發(fa)電用(yong)(yong)煤用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)充足供(gong)(gong)(gong)應。

　　二是(shi)統籌加強電(dian)(dian)力(li)保供能(neng)力(li)建設(she)。加快推進(jin)重要電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)網項(xiang)目建設(she)，保障(zhang)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)機組充分(fen)出力(li)，促(cu)進(jin)清潔能(neng)源多(duo)(duo)發滿發，多(duo)(duo)渠(qu)道提升電(dian)(dian)力(li)供應(ying)能(neng)力(li)。

　　三是按價格政策合理疏導發電成本。指導各地切實組織好電力市場交易，嚴格落實燃煤發電“基準價+上下浮動”的市場化價格機制，讓更多電量進入市場交易，不得對市場價格在合理范圍內的正常浮動進行不當干預，讓價格合理反映電力供需和成本變化。

　　四是科(ke)學制定實(shi)施有(you)(you)序(xu)用(yong)電方案。做到“三個(ge)必(bi)(bi)須堅(jian)持”。必(bi)(bi)須堅(jian)持“壓非(fei)保民(min)”，嚴(yan)格保障民(min)生和重要(yao)用(yong)戶用(yong)電。必(bi)(bi)須堅(jian)持“用(yong)戶知情、合(he)同(tong)約(yue)定”，確保企業(ye)對(dui)可中斷負荷(he)規模(mo)、執行條件等充分了解，組織供電企業(ye)、用(yong)戶、政府主管部(bu)門簽訂合(he)同(tong)或協(xie)議。必(bi)(bi)須堅(jian)持“限(xian)電不拉(la)閘”，科(ke)學安排有(you)(you)序(xu)用(yong)電，嚴(yan)格落實(shi)有(you)(you)序(xu)用(yong)電，嚴(yan)禁拉(la)閘限(xian)電。

　　五、今冬明春采(cai)暖季(ji)煤(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)需(xu)形勢如何，下一步采(cai)取(qu)哪(na)些措施保障(zhang)煤(mei)炭(tan)穩(wen)定(ding)供(gong)應？

　　答：煤(mei)(mei)炭仍是我(wo)(wo)國(guo)目前(qian)的主體(ti)(ti)能源，在(zai)國(guo)家能源供(gong)應(ying)中(zhong)發揮著(zhu)重要的基礎(chu)和(he)(he)(he)兜底(di)保(bao)障作(zuo)用。經過近(jin)幾年(nian)持(chi)續(xu)(xu)推進煤(mei)(mei)炭產供(gong)儲(chu)(chu)銷體(ti)(ti)系建設，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)煤(mei)(mei)炭生產供(gong)應(ying)和(he)(he)(he)應(ying)急(ji)保(bao)障能力大(da)幅提(ti)升(sheng)。今年(nian)以來，受我(wo)(wo)國(guo)經濟持(chi)續(xu)(xu)恢復和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)際大(da)宗(zong)能源原材料價格上漲影響，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)煤(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)費(fei)超(chao)預(yu)期(qi)增(zeng)長，供(gong)需偏(pian)緊。今冬明春采暖季煤(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)費(fei)將繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)保(bao)持(chi)增(zeng)長，通(tong)過進一步(bu)增(zeng)加(jia)產量、增(zeng)加(jia)進口、動(dong)用儲(chu)(chu)備資源和(he)(he)(he)社(she)會庫存，煤(mei)(mei)炭供(gong)應(ying)是有(you)保(bao)障的。

　　按(an)照(zhao)黨(dang)中央(yang)、國(guo)務院決策部署，國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展改革委始終把采暖(nuan)季煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)保(bao)供(gong)(gong)作為一項(xiang)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)民生工(gong)作，會(hui)(hui)同(tong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)方(fang)面千方(fang)百計采取有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)措施，確保(bao)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)安(an)全穩定(ding)(ding)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)確保(bao)安(an)全的(de)(de)前提下全力(li)(li)(li)增產(chan)(chan)增供(gong)(gong)。指導(dao)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)主產(chan)(chan)區和重(zhong)點(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)，科學制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)生產(chan)(chan)計劃(hua)，安(an)全有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)釋(shi)放先(xian)進產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)進一步核增和投產(chan)(chan)優(you)質產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。支持(chi)具備(bei)條件的(de)(de)優(you)質產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)礦釋(shi)放先(xian)進產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)適(shi)度(du)增加煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)進口。支持(chi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)好國(guo)際資源，保(bao)持(chi)適(shi)度(du)進口規(gui)模，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)補(bu)充國(guo)內供(gong)(gong)應(ying)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著力(li)(li)(li)提升(sheng)存煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)水平。支持(chi)地方(fang)和企(qi)(qi)業(ye)加強(qiang)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)儲備(bei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設，準備(bei)一定(ding)(ding)規(gui)模應(ying)急儲備(bei)資源，著力(li)(li)(li)增加電廠存煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)障(zhang)發(fa)(fa)電供(gong)(gong)熱用(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)需要。發(fa)(fa)揮煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)中長期合同(tong)“壓艙(cang)石”作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)年度(du)中長期合同(tong)的(de)(de)基礎上，組織產(chan)(chan)運需企(qi)(qi)業(ye)補(bu)簽合同(tong)，推進發(fa)(fa)電供(gong)(gong)熱用(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)中長期合同(tong)全覆(fu)蓋，同(tong)時加強(qiang)履(lv)約監管(guan)，保(bao)障(zhang)發(fa)(fa)電供(gong)(gong)熱等(deng)民生用(yong)(yong)(yong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穩定(ding)(ding)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)和價格平穩。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)規(gui)范市(shi)(shi)場運行秩(zhi)序，會(hui)(hui)同(tong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)部門加強(qiang)市(shi)(shi)場監管(guan)，嚴厲查處哄抬價格等(deng)違規(gui)行為，穩定(ding)(ding)社會(hui)(hui)預期。

　　總(zong)的看(kan)，通過(guo)采(cai)(cai)取一(yi)系列有(you)力(li)有(you)效措(cuo)施，今冬(dong)明春(chun)采(cai)(cai)暖季用(yong)煤需求是有(you)保(bao)(bao)障的，煤炭供應(ying)水平能(neng)夠確(que)保(bao)(bao)人民群眾溫暖過(guo)冬(dong)。

　　六、近(jin)期國際天(tian)然氣(qi)價格持續走高，這(zhe)對我(wo)國冬季天(tian)然氣(qi)保障供(gong)應帶來(lai)哪些影響？如何(he)更好地保障供(gong)暖季民生用氣(qi)需求？

　　答：今年以(yi)來，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)價格(ge)(ge)持續(xu)走高。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)是(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)大(da)(da)國(guo)(guo)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)價上漲(zhang)客(ke)觀上會抬高我們(men)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)使用(yong)(yong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)的成本。得益于這幾年我們(men)按照習近(jin)平(ping)總書記指明的方向(xiang)，持之以(yi)恒扎實推進(jin)(jin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)產供(gong)儲銷體系建設，大(da)(da)力推動國(guo)(guo)內(nei)增儲上產，加強(qiang)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)統籌協調，加快提升儲氣(qi)(qi)能(neng)力，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)價上漲(zhang)對我們(men)的影(ying)響(xiang)總體是(shi)可控的。特別是(shi)我國(guo)(guo)對居民用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)實行(xing)基準門站價格(ge)(ge)管理，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)價上漲(zhang)對居民生活等民生用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)影(ying)響(xiang)可控制(zhi)到最低限度(du)。針對今冬(dong)明春國(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)市場形勢，我們(men)會同有關部門和企業，及早采取措施(shi)保(bao)障天(tian)(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)安(an)全(quan)穩定供(gong)應，確保(bao)群(qun)眾安(an)全(quan)溫暖過冬(dong)。

　　一(yi)是(shi)冬(dong)季保(bao)供(gong)(gong)氣源(yuan)有明(ming)顯增加。組織上(shang)游供(gong)(gong)氣企(qi)業大力推進國內增儲上(shang)產(chan)，前8個月國內生產(chan)天(tian)然(ran)氣1361億立方米，同比增長10.8%，供(gong)(gong)暖季期間將繼續保(bao)持安全(quan)高(gao)負荷生產(chan)。指導(dao)企(qi)業及早(zao)安排采購現貨(huo)LNG資源(yuan)，保(bao)持管道(dao)氣進口穩定(ding)。截至目前，已提前鎖定(ding)冬(dong)季保(bao)供(gong)(gong)資源(yuan)1744億立方米，做好今冬(dong)天(tian)然(ran)氣保(bao)供(gong)(gong)工作我們是(shi)有底(di)氣的。

　　二是實現了中長(chang)期合(he)同(tong)全覆蓋。組織上游供(gong)(gong)氣企(qi)業和各(ge)地全面簽(qian)訂全年和供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)季合(he)同(tong)，絕大(da)多數省區市簽(qian)訂合(he)同(tong)量都比上年實際消費量有一定(ding)增長(chang)，為保障(zhang)供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)季高峰期天然氣供(gong)(gong)需(xu)關系穩定(ding)奠定(ding)了堅實基礎。供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)季期間，我們將督促(cu)各(ge)方嚴(yan)格按(an)照合(he)同(tong)保障(zhang)供(gong)(gong)用氣，維(wei)護好供(gong)(gong)用氣秩(zhi)序。

　　三是調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)保(bao)供(gong)能力明顯增(zeng)強。今年入冬前全(quan)國可(ke)形(xing)成儲(chu)(chu)氣(qi)(qi)量超過270億立方米(mi)，比(bi)上(shang)年進一步提升(sheng)，冬季高峰(feng)(feng)(feng)期每天可(ke)動用儲(chu)(chu)氣(qi)(qi)超過2億立方米(mi)。同(tong)時(shi)，準備了一定(ding)規(gui)模(mo)的應(ying)急儲(chu)(chu)氣(qi)(qi)量，確(que)(que)保(bao)應(ying)急調峰(feng)(feng)(feng)需要。堅持(chi)底線(xian)思維，指導地方和(he)企業(ye)更(geng)新完善了3億立方米(mi)/天的可(ke)中斷非(fei)居(ju)民(min)用戶清(qing)單，制定(ding)了分級壓減(jian)預案，做(zuo)到隨時(shi)可(ke)用，確(que)(que)保(bao)居(ju)民(min)生(sheng)活(huo)、供(gong)暖等民(min)生(sheng)用氣(qi)(qi)需要。確(que)(que)需實施有序(xu)用氣(qi)(qi)的地方，也(ye)要堅決做(zuo)到“壓非(fei)保(bao)民(min)”“限氣(qi)(qi)不關閥”。

　　四是對(dui)民(min)生用氣加強重點保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。對(dui)民(min)生用氣全部納(na)入(ru)合同保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)范圍，落實保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)供用氣責任。協(xie)調(diao)上(shang)(shang)游供氣企業對(dui)北(bei)方清潔取暖重點地(di)區在氣源保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)上(shang)(shang)給予傾(qing)斜支持。冬季(ji)高峰期，對(dui)個別地(di)區、部分時段出現供應偏緊情況，將及時加強調(diao)度，確保(bao)(bao)民(min)生等重點用氣需要(yao)。